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3GPP LTE (Long Term Evolution)
LTE, an evolution of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System), is a 4G last-mile access technology for mobile communication. LTE is based on OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access) in the downlink and SC-FDMA (Single Carrier-FDMA) in the uplink and efficiently supports MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) antenna technology. LTE is based on an All-IP network with Voice traffic supported as Voice over IP (VoIP) enabling better integration with other multimedia services.
xTCA
Advanced Telecom Computing Architecture (AdvancedTCA) and Micro Telecom Computing Architecture (MicroTCA) are standards developed by the PCI Industrial Manufacturer Group (PICMG) for carrier-grade telecommunication systems. These standards allow the use of multiple processors and high-bandwidth network technologies in a highly dense and bladed system. The TCA technology provides support for high-speed switch fabrics (up to 2.5 Tbps), high availability (99.999%), high power budget (up to 200w), multi-protocol support and advanced platform management for the telecommunication modules. AMC is a mezzanine standard that defines how modules such as Digital Signal Processors and Network Processors are connected to and managed by AdvancedTCA, MicroTCA and other carrier-grade communication platforms.
Wireless LAN (IEEE 802.11)
Wireless LANs, based on the IEEE 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g, are a ubiquitous method of connectivity today – in homes, offices, hotels, airports or internet cafes. The popularity of wireless LANs is primarily due to their convenience, cost efficiency, and ease of integration with other networks. The draft IEEE 802.11n standard, which is already implemented by several vendors today, improves the speed of wireless LANs by several times.
WiMAX
WiMAX, an acronym for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access, is a wireless digital communications system based on the IEEE 802.16 standards for wireless metropolitan area networks. The technology provides up to 75 Mb/s symmetric broadband wireless access (BWA) in the “last mile” over distances up to 30 miles (50 km) for fixed stations and 3 - 10 miles (5 - 15 km) for mobile stations. WiMAX is a 4G technology that allows for more efficient bandwidth use, interference avoidance, and is intended to allow higher data rates over longer distances. It operates on both licensed and non-licensed frequencies, providing a regulated environment and viable economic model for wireless carriers.
HomePlug
The use of residential power line to facilitate in-home high speed networking is now a proven
technology and is rapidly becoming a popular choice in many parts of the world. To promote
widespread adoption of this technology and the required interoperability between devices from
multiple vendors, the HomePlug Powerline Alliance, an industry standards body, has defined various
standards as well as a Compliance and Interoperability test plan.
RFID (Radio Frequency Identification)
RFID Middleware is software that interfaces directly with RFID readers and printer/encoders, filters and formats the read data, and passes the data to a user application that uses the input to drive a decision or complete a transaction. Traditional RFID middleware also often offers some degree of device management, such as remote monitoring or configuration.
A typical use of RFID is in enterprise supply chain management to improve the efficiency of inventory tracking and management. |
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